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the Opposition 9. democracy 11. Downing Street
area). 17. (a) local government services that must be
(often used as a general expression that is used to refer to
provided because the central government says they must
the Prime Minister and the government: "We are currently
be provided. The services described in (b) are called
waiting for a statement from Downing Street")
"permissive services". In England and Wales, councils can
14. Chancellor of the Exchequer (responsible every year
only provide permissive services if central government
for setting the country's budget) 15. constituency
legislation allows them to do so. In Scotland, they can
16. Prime Minister (often abbreviated to the PM)
provide them unless central government expressly forbids
17. Foreign Secretary 18. secret ballot 19. by-election
them. 18. (a) and (c) the government (about 80%) and
23. confidence 25. constitution 27. Whitehall
local people (about 20%). 19. (c) men and women over
(Although this is the name of a street, it also refers to the
18 (lowered from 21 in 1969. Women achieved the right
area where the government is based, including the
to vote in 1928). Your name must be on the electoral
Houses of Parliament. It is often used as a general word to
register to do this. 20. (a) and (e) a general right to vote
describe all the government officials who work for the
and the right to hold a British passport. However,
British government: "We're still waiting for a decision
Commonwealth citizens, and citizens of the Republic of
from Whitehall".) 28. whip 32. Assembly (Northern
Ireland can vote in all public elections if they are resident
Ireland also has some independence, in the form of the
in the UK, and EU citizens who are resident in the UK can
Northern Ireland Assembly.)*
vote in local elections (but not in national parliamentary
elections). 21. (b) £500 for MPs and members of the
* There are more questions on the Scottish, Welsh, and
Scottish Parliament and Welsh and Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland political systems in the Politics and
Assemblies, and £5000 for Members of the European
government 3 on page 41.
Parliament. 22. (b) at least 5%. 23. All of these,
although some MPs do not hold regular morning
surgeries. Contact details for MPs, MEPs, MSPs and
Politics and government 2 (pages 39  40)
Assembly members can be found in the telephone
directory. 24. (a) it has fallen, especially among younger
1. (b) a lobby (this has a similar role to a pressure group,
people, who complain that they have become 'alienated'
although a pressure group is generally seen as a voluntary
by and from mainstream politics.
group of ordinary citizens which is not affiliated to a
particular organisation, trade, etc). 2. (d) a judge cannot
challenge the legality of a law passed by Parliament.
Politics and government 3 (page 41)
3. (a) make his / her own judgement (and so "create" a
law. This is a good example of how the common law
Here is the complete text, with the correct spellings in
system works in the UK). Also note that if a judge feels
bold.
that a previous judgement in a similar case does not
reflect modern society, he / she can make his / her own
The process of taking power from a central authority or
judgement (and so "change" an existing law). 4. (c) the
government and giving it to smaller, more local regions
Lord Chancellor (who selects from nominations provided
is called devolution. This began in the UK in 1997, with
by existing judges). 5. All of these. 6. (d) the
the result that since 1999 there has been an Assembly in
Metropolitan Police. 7. (b), (c), and (d) Local councillors
Wales and a Parliament in Scotland.
and magistrates (who form a 'police authority') and the
Home Secretary. 8. (a) the IPCC (The Independent Police
Complaints Commission), although in the first instance The Welsh Assembly* and the Scottish Parliament have
you should complain directly to the police force control over many local issues, but can only debate the
responsible. Other people and groups you could contact policy and laws governing general taxation, social
70
Answer key
Answer key
security, defence and foreign affairs (which are decided In the pub (page 42)
by central government in London).
1. Public house. 2. They must have a licence which
The Scottish Parliament is based in Edinburgh (Scotland's
allows them to sell alcohol for drinking on the premises (=
principal city), and is funded by a grant from the UK
in the pub). 3. He / She is the person who owns /
government. Scotland has had some limited autonomy
manages the pub (and often holds the licence in number
from London for quite a long time, but the decision to
2). 4. It is an independent pub: it is not owned by a
begin creating a separate Parliament did not happen
brewery (= a company that makes beer). 5. 18 (or 16 if
until a national referendum in 1997. Unlike the Welsh
you are eating a meal in a part of a pub that is set aside for
Assembly (see the paragraph below), the Scottish
eating meals. However, they can only drink beer, wine or
Parliament can make its own laws (with exceptions such
cider). Some pubs, especially in large towns and cities, will
as those listed in the paragraph above), and even has
only serve alcohol to people who are 21 or over.
some powers over national income tax rates. Also, unlike
6. Usually yes, if they are accompanied by someone who
the Welsh Assembly and the UK Parliament, members
is at least 18 years old. However, many pubs will refuse to
(known as MSPs) are elected by a type of proportional
admit children in the evenings. Some pubs have family
representation. [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]